What Does the Donkey Symbolize in the Bible

By Paul King •  Updated: 10/17/23 •  12 min read

The donkey holds significant symbolism in the Bible, carrying profound meanings that resonate with various themes. One of its primary representations is humility, as seen in the story of Jesus’ triumphal entry into Jerusalem. In Matthew 21:5, it is written, ‘Say to Daughter Zion, ‘See, your king comes to you, gentle and riding on a donkey, and on a colt, the foal of a donkey.” This verse emphasizes Jesus’ humble nature, choosing a donkey over a majestic horse to enter the city.

Furthermore, the donkey symbolizes redemption. In the book of Numbers, chapter 22, we find the story of Balaam and his donkey. Balaam was a prophet who initially sought to curse the Israelites, but his donkey, guided by God, prevented him from doing so. Eventually, Balaam’s eyes were opened, and he acknowledged his wrongdoing. This narrative highlights the donkey’s role in leading Balaam to redemption and transformation.

The donkey also represents service. In Luke 19:30-34, Jesus instructs his disciples to go and find a donkey tied in a village, which they would use for his entry into Jerusalem. When the owners questioned the disciples, they replied, ‘The Lord needs it.’ This interaction illustrates how the donkey was willingly offered for service in the fulfillment of God’s will.

Moreover, the donkey carries prophetic significance. In Zechariah 9:9, it is prophesied, ‘Rejoice greatly, Daughter Zion! Shout, Daughter Jerusalem! See, your king comes to you, righteous and victorious, lowly and riding on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey.’ This prophecy points to Jesus as the long-awaited Messiah, fulfilling the Scriptures by riding on a donkey.

In conclusion, the donkey’s symbolism in the Bible encompasses humility, redemption, service, and prophetic significance. Through biblical narratives such as Jesus’ triumphal entry and the story of Balaam, we gain a deeper understanding of the donkey’s profound messages. By reflecting on these themes and exploring the relevant Bible verses, we can contemplate the spiritual lessons embedded within the donkey’s symbolic representation.

Key Takeaways

The Donkey as a Symbol of Humility

The donkey is widely recognized as a symbol of humility in the Bible, which is supported by various biblical verses. For instance, in Matthew 21:5, it is written, ‘Say to Daughter Zion, ‘See, your king comes to you, gentle and riding on a donkey, and on a colt, the foal of a donkey.” This verse highlights the humble nature of Jesus, who chose to ride on a donkey rather than a grand steed as a demonstration of his humility.

Furthermore, the donkey plays a significant role in the story of Jesus’ triumphal entry into Jerusalem. As Jesus rode on a donkey, the crowds laid their cloaks on the ground and waved palm branches, shouting, ‘Hosanna to the Son of David! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord!’ (Matthew 21:9). This event signifies the recognition of Jesus as the Messiah, but it also emphasizes the humble nature of the donkey, as Jesus chose this humble creature to make his grand entrance.

In addition to these biblical accounts, the symbolism of the donkey as a humble creature is further reinforced by its association with labor and servitude in ancient Jewish culture. In Exodus 23:12, it is written, ‘Six days do your work, but on the seventh day do not work, so that your ox and your donkey may rest, and so that the slave born in your household and the foreigner living among you may be refreshed.’ This verse highlights the donkey’s role in labor and underscores its humble nature as it is mentioned alongside slaves and foreigners.

The donkey’s symbolism of humility serves as a reminder for individuals to adopt a humble and submissive stance before God. It encourages us to recognize our own limitations and to approach God with a heart of humility. As it is written in James 4:10, ‘Humble yourselves before the Lord, and he will lift you up.’

Additionally, the donkey’s role as a symbol of humility sets the stage for its subsequent representation as a symbol of redemption. In the Old Testament, the prophet Zechariah prophesies about the coming of the Messiah, saying, ‘Rejoice greatly, Daughter Zion! Shout, Daughter Jerusalem! See, your king comes to you, righteous and victorious, lowly and riding on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey’ (Zechariah 9:9). This prophecy is fulfilled in Jesus’ triumphal entry into Jerusalem, where he rides on a donkey, emphasizing the fulfillment of the Scriptures and the humble nature of the Messiah.

The Donkey as a Symbol of Redemption

One of the key biblical interpretations of the donkey is that it symbolizes redemption. This can be understood through various stories and religious symbolism. Let’s explore this interpretation further with relevant facts and quotes from the Bible.

  1. The donkey is often associated with a humble and lowly status in society. In the Bible, it is frequently depicted as a carrier of burdens or a servant animal. For example, in Genesis 49:14-15, it is said, ‘Issachar is a strong donkey, lying down between the sheepfolds; he saw that a resting place was good, and that the land was pleasant; so he bowed his shoulder to bear, and became a servant to tribute.’ This emphasizes the donkey’s role as a humble servant.

  2. The donkey’s presence in stories of redemption further highlights its significance. One notable story is that of Balaam’s donkey in Numbers 22. Balaam, a prophet, is on his way to curse the Israelites, but his donkey sees an angel of the Lord blocking their path. The donkey refuses to move forward and Balaam becomes angry, striking the donkey. Finally, God opens Balaam’s eyes to see the angel, and he realizes the donkey’s loyalty and obedience. This story showcases the donkey’s role in facilitating transformative experiences and leading individuals towards redemption.

  3. The donkey’s submission to Divine will and obedience to God’s commandments symbolize the redemption of humanity through faith and obedience. In Isaiah 1:3, it is written, ‘The ox knows its owner, and the donkey its master’s crib; but Israel does not know, my people do not understand.’ This verse highlights the donkey’s innate understanding and obedience to its master, contrasting it with the disobedience of Israel. It serves as a reminder that redemption can be attained through faithful surrender to God’s will.

  4. The donkey’s association with Jesus’ triumphal entry into Jerusalem, as mentioned in the Gospels, signifies the ultimate redemption of humanity through Christ’s sacrificial death and resurrection. In Matthew 21:5, it is written, ‘Say to Daughter Zion, ‘See, your king comes to you, gentle and riding on a donkey, and on a colt, the foal of a donkey.” This quote refers to Jesus entering Jerusalem on a donkey, fulfilling the prophecy from Zechariah 9:9. This event symbolizes Jesus’ role as the redeemer of humanity and the fulfillment of God’s plan of salvation.

Understanding the donkey as a symbol of redemption allows us to explore its subsequent portrayal as a symbol of service in biblical texts. The stories and verses mentioned above provide depth of meaning and reinforce the significance of the donkey in the journey towards redemption.

The Donkey as a Symbol of Service

Depicting the donkey as a representation of service, its portrayal in biblical texts emphasizes its role as a humble servant facilitating the journey towards redemption. The donkey’s role in biblical stories is not limited to carrying burdens or being a mode of transportation, but it also serves as a symbol of loyalty and unwavering dedication to its master.

In the Old Testament, the donkey played a crucial role in the story of Balaam. Balaam was a prophet who was hired by the king of Moab to curse the Israelites. As Balaam set out on his journey, an angel of the Lord stood in his way. However, Balaam’s donkey saw the angel and veered off the path, crushing Balaam’s foot against a wall. Balaam, in his anger, struck the donkey. But then, a miraculous thing happened—God opened the donkey’s mouth, and it spoke to Balaam, asking him why he had struck it. Balaam’s eyes were then opened, and he saw the angel standing before him. The donkey had saved Balaam’s life by refusing to move forward, and it demonstrated loyalty and protection towards its master.

This story from the book of Numbers (22:21-35) shows us that the donkey, though a seemingly lowly creature, can be a vessel for divine intervention. It teaches us that God can use even the most unexpected and humble means to deliver His messages and protect His servants.

Furthermore, in the New Testament, the donkey is mentioned in the triumphal entry of Jesus into Jerusalem. As Jesus prepared to enter the city, he sent his disciples to find a donkey and its colt. He then rode on the donkey into Jerusalem, fulfilling the prophecy in Zechariah 9:9: ‘Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion! Shout aloud, O daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your king is coming to you; righteous and having salvation is he, humble and mounted on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey.’

This event symbolized Jesus’ humility and servitude, as he chose to ride on a humble donkey instead of a majestic horse. It showed that Jesus came not as a conquering king, but as a humble servant, ready to sacrifice himself for the redemption of mankind.

Through these narratives, the donkey teaches us the importance of selfless service and loyalty. It reminds us that even the most ordinary and unassuming creatures can play significant roles in God’s plan. The donkey invites us to reflect upon our own journey towards redemption and the ways in which we can serve others with humility and dedication.

The Donkey as a Symbol of Prophetic Significance

In biblical narratives, the donkey serves as a prophetic symbol, representing the fulfillment of divine prophecies and the coming of significant events. The donkey’s role as a prophetic foreshadowing is evident in several instances:

  1. The donkey of Balaam: In Numbers 22, Balaam’s donkey is instrumental in preventing him from cursing the Israelites. This divine messenger signifies God’s protection over His chosen people. As it says in Numbers 22:28, ‘Then the Lord opened the donkey’s mouth, and it said to Balaam, ‘What have I done to you to make you beat me these three times?”

  2. The donkey of Samson: In Judges 15, Samson uses a donkey’s jawbone to defeat a thousand Philistines. This unexpected victory highlights the power of God working through an ordinary creature. Judges 15:16 states, ‘Then Samson said, ‘With a donkey’s jawbone I have made donkeys of them. With a donkey’s jawbone I have killed a thousand men.”

  3. The donkey of Jesus’ triumphal entry: In Matthew 21, Jesus enters Jerusalem riding on a donkey. This act fulfills the prophecy in Zechariah 9:9, which says, ‘Rejoice greatly, Daughter Zion! Shout, Daughter Jerusalem! See, your king comes to you, righteous and victorious, lowly and riding on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey.’ This symbolizes the humility and peace that Jesus brings as the Messiah.

  4. The donkey in Revelation: In Revelation 6, the opening of the seals reveals a pale horse ridden by Death, with Hades following closely behind. While the donkey is not explicitly mentioned here, this imagery suggests the donkey as a symbol of impending judgment and divine retribution.

The donkey’s prophetic significance emphasizes the divine intervention and the unfolding of God’s plan throughout biblical narratives. It showcases how even ordinary creatures can be used by God to fulfill His purposes.

The stories of Balaam’s donkey and Samson’s victory with a donkey’s jawbone provide further depth and meaning to the symbolism of the donkey. By incorporating these biblical facts and quotes, we can truly grasp the powerful significance of the donkey as a prophetic symbol.

The Donkey as a Symbol of Christ’s Triumphal Entry

The representation of the donkey in the narrative of Christ’s triumphal entry into Jerusalem highlights the fulfillment of a prophetic prophecy regarding the arrival of the righteous and victorious king. This event, recorded in the Gospels, is laden with Messianic symbolism and draws upon biblical prophecy.

In the Old Testament, the prophet Zechariah spoke of a future king who would come to Jerusalem, humble and riding on a donkey. Zechariah 9:9 states, ‘Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion! Shout aloud, O daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your king is coming to you; righteous and having salvation is he, humble and mounted on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey.’ This prophecy clearly foretold the manner in which the Messiah would enter Jerusalem.

By choosing to enter Jerusalem on a donkey, Jesus not only fulfilled this specific prophecy, but also demonstrated his identity as the long-awaited Messiah. This act served as a powerful proclamation of his kingship and divinity to the people.

The donkey symbolizes humility, meekness, and peace, which are all qualities associated with the Messiah. Jesus, by riding on a donkey, showed that he came not as a conqueror on a warhorse, but as a humble and peaceful king.

Moreover, the use of a donkey also carries significant historical and biblical meaning. In the Old Testament, donkeys were often associated with royalty and nobility. For example, King David and other prominent figures in the Bible rode on donkeys. Therefore, Jesus’ choice to ride on a donkey further emphasized his rightful position as the king.

The people who witnessed Jesus’ entry into Jerusalem recognized the significance of the donkey as a symbol of the prophesied righteous and victorious king. They spread their cloaks on the road and waved palm branches, shouting, ‘Hosanna to the Son of David! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord! Hosanna in the highest!’ (Matthew 21:9). This enthusiastic response reflected their understanding of Jesus’ identity and the fulfillment of the prophecies.

Paul King

I post written versions of my powerful sermons exploring topics like prayer, praise, biblical truths, and more expressions of faith. My church has a deeply spiritual culture, which I try to convey through vivid storytelling and applications in our everyday life. I spread the Good Word with lots of conviction and passion.